The University of Maine Cooperative Extension has released a fact sheet to help backyard poultry farmers understand and cope with the international bird flu crisis.

Some of the questions asked and answered include:

What is avian influenza and how it is spread?

Bird flu affects farmed bird species – such as chickens and turkeys – as well as pet and wild birds. Any bird can contract bird flu. The H5N1 virus is the one that concerns scientists because it is spreading rapidly and has killed some people. The virus is spread through infected nasal secretions, saliva and feces.

Can people get avian influenza?

Only after prolonged contact with heavily contaminated environments. Of the 15 known avian flu viruses, only four are known to cause human infections.

Can household pets get avian influenza?

Recent research indicates marine mammals such as seals and whales, swine, farmed mink and pet ferrets have contracted avian flu. Thailand is reporting infections in domestic cats, and that is being investigated by the World Health Organization.

Is it safe to eat poultry products?

Yes. Avian influenza cannot be transmitted through properly cooked food.

What are the symptoms of avian influenza in birds?

Ruffled feathers with quietness or extreme depression, reduced egg production or soft-shelled eggs, swollen or purplish wattles, coughing and sneezing, diarrhea, hemorrhaging, swelling of combs and skin under the eyes.

For a printed copy of university publications, call (800) 287-0274.